DB as in? You can use scripts like DataTables to control how something is shown on the wiki, but you'll still need to store the data somewhere (eg in a lua data module, on the page, pull it via DPL, etc)

Discussion Boards

It's impossible to customize the Discussions area via by admins.

Said styled and scripts can be used by individual users who install a dedicated browser extension, but there's no way for admins to automatically add it for other users.